A single-center detection of adult patients with advanced periodontal disease using surgical assessment and cone-beam computed tomography

Ajay Chandran; Reghunathan S Preethanath; Khalid Gufran; Mohammad Shoyab Khan; Abdullah Saad Alqahtani; Meenakumari Chikkanna; C Swarnalatha; J Suresh Babu; Abhishek Singh Nayyar

doi:10.4103/jss.jss_90_22

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Year : 2022 | Volume : 49 | Issue : 3 | Page : 304-309

A single-center detection of adult patients with advanced periodontal disease using surgical assessment and cone-beam computed tomography

Ajay Chandran¹, Reghunathan S Preethanath², Khalid Gufran³, Mohammad Shoyab Khan³, Abdullah Saad Alqahtani³, Meenakumari Chikkanna⁴, C Swarnalatha⁵, J Suresh Babu⁵, Abhishek Singh Nayyar⁶
¹ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sathyabama Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
² Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
³ Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
⁴ Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Al Majma'ah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
⁵ Division of Periodontology, Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
⁶ Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Saraswati-Dhanwantari Dental College and Hospital and Post-Graduate Research Institute, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Khalid Gufran
Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None

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DOI: 10.4103/jss.jss_90_22

Context: One of the major limitations of conventional radiological procedures is presence of considerable overlapping and lack of clear, three-dimensional information. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has emerged as an effective imaging modality in such situations offering high-quality images and lower radiation exposure to patients. Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess the role of CBCT in detection of intra-bony defects in patients with advanced periodontal disease. Settings and Design: The present study was designed as a prospective, observational study wherein patients aged between 35 and 55 years with advanced periodontal disease who were indicated for periodontal treatment in the form of periodontal surgeries were selected from the outpatient department based on defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Materials and Methods: Sixty patients with chronic periodontitis with 12 teeth each including 6 anterior and 6 posterior teeth were selected for making measurements pre- and perioperatively while bone defects were measured first with the help of CBCT software installed in an individualized system devised to be used for storing and analyzing CBCT images and then during surgical intervention using standardized UNC-15 periodontal probe and compared. Statistical Analysis Used: Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 18.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). The measurements obtained with the help of CBCT software installed in the personalized system and those obtained on surgical exploration were compared in each anterior and posterior tooth with the help of paired-sample t-test while Pearson's correlation® was used to test the correlation between the observed values. Level of statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: The results were found to be highly significant both in terms of statistical (P value) and clinical® significance for various sites in the anterior and posterior teeth in all instances. Conclusions: From the observations made from the present study, it could be concluded that CBCT provided a highly precise assessment of bone topography equivalent to the judgment obtained during surgical exposure at the sites of interest preoperatively which helped in assessing the exact type and depth of defect present and helped optimizing surgical treatment planning.

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